L’abolition du registre des armes d’épaule : le rôle potentiel des principes non écrits
"L’abolition du registre des armes d’épaule : le rôle potentiel des principes non écrits" (2014), 23(4) Constitutional Forum 41
Notre analyse nous mène à deux conclusions importantes. D’une part, la Cour suprême doit interpréter d’une façon étroite le pouvoir fédéral en matière de droit criminel en l’espèce. D’autre part, la Cour suprême doit reconnaître une obligation d’agir de bonne foi lorsque les deux paliers de gouvernement ont collaboré afin de bâtir un régime réglementaire.
English Abstract: Section 29 of the Ending the Long-Gun Registry Act orders federal and provincial officials to destroy gun-registration records collected collaboratively over a period of two decades. By reference to the unwritten constitutional principles of federalism and democracy I argue that the unilateral destruction of the data is outside the scope of Parliament’s power over criminal law.
Purporting to destroy the records unilaterally cuts short public debate on the use of the data. Contrary to the principles of democracy and federalism, it reduces to one the number of forums in which individuals and interest groups can have their say.
Unilateral destruction of records collected collaboratively also runs counter to the Supreme Court of Canada’s recent endorsements of cooperative federalism. Without the sanctioning of unilateral action that harms collaborative schemes it will be difficult to persuade the federal government and provinces to regulate cooperatively to solve pressing social problems.
Parliament’s power to repeal laws should thus be interpreted narrowly. Where a regulatory scheme requires cooperation between the federal and provincial levels of government, its dismantling should also require cooperation. Moreover, an obligation of good faith should be imposed on both parties, an obligation breached in this instance by the federal government.
Note: Downloadable document is in French.
This content has been updated on May 2, 2023 at 18:12.